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Tianyi Pavilion Library

Tianyi Pavilion Library is situated beside the Moon Lake in west Ningbo City. The library, which has survived 430 years of dram as and upheavals, is the oldest existing private library of China and Asia, and one of the world's three oldest libraries kept by a family. For centuries it has been reputed to be the "city of books in South China" for its giant collection of highly-valued ancient books and documents. For those men of letters traveling to Ningbo, a trip to its Tianyi Pavilion has always been a craved experience. However, during the past several hundred years, the library used to be the private property of the Fan family, an absolutely restricted neighborhood. As a result no more than twenty visitors could have a privilege to step into the premises during the past several hundred years. Today Tianyi Pavilion is a vault chosen by the State government to deposit Ningbo's private bibliotheca. It is open to the public too so that experts and scholars can finally have access to their most coveted archives right in the library, rare documents buried under centuries of dust. This can be called "the modern use of the old times". In 1982, the State Council made Tianyi Pavilion one of the country's key cultural heritages, thus turning the library into an indispensable landmark in this city famous for its remarkable historical culture, a star of civilization in which Ningbo people take great pride.

Tianyi Pavilion Library deserves to be called a wonder in the history of libraries in China and Fan Qin the founder of Tianyi Pavilion is the creator of the wonder. Fan Qin, the owner of Tianyi Pavilion was born in Yinxian County and lived during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. In 1532 when he was 27 years old, Fan passed the highest imperial examination and earned the title of jinshi--successful candidate in the examination. After that he served as an imperial governor in many places of China, where he accumulated diverse experiences and made impressive achievements. In 1560 when he turned 55 and was weary of politics, Fan Qin resigned as senior minister of the Ministry of War and returned to his hometown. With remarkable ingenuity he had a house built beside Ningbo's Moon Lake to store his books. Borrowing an idea from The Book of Changes suggested in "Heaven embodied in One gives birth to water, while Earth represented in Six makes it grow", Fan Qin named the new house "Tianyi Pavilion" (that is "Pavilion of Heaven and One"). Books are most vulnerable to fire, he said, but water can suppress fire. Thus the name "Tianyi" hints at the fact that water curbs fire and in this way Fan Qin hoped his stock might for ever be clear of the destructive might of flames. He also wedged the idea into the structure of the library, where one large room constitutes the upper floor, suggesting "Heaven joined with one gives birth to water", whereas downstairs there are six chambers, alluding to the message "Earth coupled with six makes it thrive". Besides he had a pond dug in front of the house, a reservoir in case of fire. There is always water in the pond, even during grave droughts, for it is connected with the Moon Lake on its east side. Thus a similar name "Tianyi Pond". Even the bookcases in the house were made in such sizes that they correspond to the idea of six and one. Indeed everything in the library is evidence of the owner's clever designing.

Fan Qin had a born passion for books. During the years he served as a governor in various provinces he made great efforts in buying books. He did not stop such attempts even after he returned home upon resignation. However unlike his elder and contemporary bibliophiles, Fan Qin did not spend his fortune on the best Song Dynasty editions, rare copies or secretly distributed books, those craved by most book collectors. Instead, he concentrated on local chronicles, records about jinshi in various dynasties and contemporary anthologies, objects spurned by ordinary collectors. Fan Qin was therefore said to be a bit "silly". Many years of gathering, copy work and donations from friends finally turned Fan Qin's stock into a dimension of over 70 thousand volumes. Although only 17 thousand of this number remain in today's Fan Qin library, its local chronicles of the Ming Dynasty and the rolls of jinshi turn out to be its most outstanding and largest portion. 65% of the library's 271 local chronicles and 90% of its 370 rolls of jinshi are the only copies extant in the country. Safely preserved at Tianyi Pavilion now, these are priceless treasures for researchers of Chinese traditional culture.

Xikou
Xikou, in Fenghua City, is a 4-star national-grade scenic spot, well-known home and abroad for its integrity of Buddhist culture, humane culture, and scenic beauty. It is the place where Maitreya Buddha practiced his Buddhist rites and also the home town of Mr. Chiang Kai-Shek and his son Chiang Ching-Kuo--two important historical figures in the modern history of China. As a famous scenic spot, it consists of three areas of interest: Xikou Town, Xuedou Hill and Tingxia Lake.

Xikou Town is situated northwest to Fenghua City and 35 km away in the southwest to Ningbo City. Xikou, or literally the Mouth of the River, derives its name from the Shanxi River, a river that originates in the Dahu Mountain of Shanjieling Range, from which it winds its way through Xinchang County to Fenghua, wherein it runs across Fenghua Town from west to east, flowng out of the mouth between Wuling Mountain and Xinan Mountain, hence the town got its name: a town at the mouth of the river. Xikou the town is also called Wuling, a name after the Wuling Mountain that stands south of the town. Xikou is proud of its picturesque scenery and landscape. Far back in ancient times, it was noted for its "Ten Scenic Sights." Of the ten sights, the one of particular interest in Xikou is Xuedou Hill northwest of Xikou Town. With abundant scenic spots and historical sites, Xuedou Hill is a well-known tourist resort in East Zhejiang. Far back in the Han Dynasty (206 B.C-A.D. 220), the Hill was extolled as "Beautiful as the Penglai Fairy Island in the Sea and Magnificent as the Tiangtai Mountain on Land."

Early in the 20th century when Chiang Kai-Shek came to power as head of the Nationalist government in China from 1920's, Xikou, as his hometown, became an attraction to a large number of his admirers and for the time it became a focus of the nationalist party and important government officials who came in flocks to visit Xikou when Chiang Kai-Shek was back at home.

The major places of interest in the area are:

Xikou Museum: Located on the old site of Wushan Temple, this museum exhibits collections of local and special products unearthed historic articles, ancient local handcraft works such as boat drums, traditional beds and bridal sedan chairs, and some Fenghua-made modern handcraft artistic articles.

Wuling Gate Tower: the gateway of Xikou Town, a pseudo-classic building, magnificent and stately with its upturned eaves and curling up roofs built at the expense of. Chiang Kai-Shek.

Pavilion of the Supreme Educator: built in the Qing Dynasty, one of the ancient "en Scenic Spots of Xikou" lso called Wenchang (Confucius) Pavilion. After the 1936 Xi'n Incident,hang Xueliang (one of the two Kuomintang generals who launched a forced remonstration with Chiang Kai-Shek for his non-resistance policy against the Japanese invaders) was put under house arrest in this pavilion.

Fenggao House: a national-class key unit of a historical site, the reformer residence of the clan of the Chiang Kai-Shek, family.

Yutai Salt Shop: Yutai Salt Shop is Chiang Kai-Shek's birthplace.

Passage to the Tomb of Chiang Kai-Shek's Mother: Along the Passage to the Tomb of Chiang Kai-Shek's Mother are such places of interest as the Memorial Gateway, the Kualu Pavilion and others.

Cuckoo Valley: this place of interest comprises such places of interest as the Maple Leaves under Flying Rosy Clouds, the Autumn Chestnut Growth, the Fragrant Meadow, and the Plum Grove.

Xuedou Hill: known as "the Most Beautiful Hill of Siming Mountain".

Miaogao Terrace: also named "Miaogao Peak" or "Heaven Pillar Peak", deserves to be a unique sight in Xuedou Hill for its flat terrace on top of the pillar-like hill.

Qiangzhangya Waterfall: a 186-meter-high waterfall.

Xuedou Temple: built in the Jin Dynasty (265-420), the temple was honored by emperors of the Song Dynasty as Xuedou Holy Temple" and "One of the Ten Greatest Temples of the Zen Sect of the Country."

 


Address: Room 310-311 ,Yue Hu Yin Zuo building,NO.16 east Nanzhan road, Ningbo .

Tel :+86 0574--87298222 87326733 87196223

Fax: +86 0574--83881515 PC: 315000

 

 

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